What are the risks of orthodontic treatment?

Orthodontic treatment has many benefits, but it also has risks. A responsible orthodontic plan should include a clear discussion of both. Most risks can be reduced with good planning, excellent oral hygiene, regular monitoring, and strong patient cooperation.

One risk, which can be easily prevented with good oral hygiene, is white spot lesions, which are chalky white marks that can appear on the teeth if plaque sits around braces for too long. These marks are not caused by the braces themselves. They are caused by plaque, acid, and poor cleaning around the brackets.

Cavities and gum inflammation can also occur if brushing and flossing are not maintained. Braces create more places for food and plaque to collect, so hygiene becomes especially important during treatment.

Another possible, though unlikely risk is root shortening, also called root resorption. Some patients experience mild changes in root length during orthodontic treatment. Severe root shortening, often due to genetic conditions, is less common.

Gum recession may occur in some patients, especially if teeth are moved through thin bone, if there is pre-existing gum recession, or if oral hygiene is poor. Gum recession can often be augmented or corrected through periodontal gingival grafting.

Tooth movement may take longer than expected. Biology, growth, missed appointments, broken brackets, inconsistent elastic wear, and inconsistent aligner wear can all extend treatment time.

Relapse is another important risk. Teeth can shift after treatment if retainers are not worn as instructed. Even with retainer wear, small changes can occur over time.

Patients may also experience temporary discomfort, including soreness, pressure, cheek irritation, or tenderness after adjustments or aligner changes. Learn more about how braces feel.

At Orthodontics on Queen in The Beaches, Toronto, the goal is to minimize these risks through careful diagnosis, clear instructions, regular monitoring, and honest communication. Orthodontic treatment is usually very successful, but the best results happen when patients understand their role in the process.

The safest and most predictable orthodontic treatment is a partnership between the orthodontist, the patient, the family, and the general dentist.